- Bata
- An hourglass shaped drum used in santeria.
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- Bongo
- A small double drum used by early guitar and rhythm groups. In salsa, the bongo usually plays an improvisational counterpoint to the main rhythm. The bongo player is called bongocero.
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- Cabasa
- The cabasa is made of multiple plated steel ball chains surrounding a textured stainless steel cylinder.
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- Cajon
- A wooden hollowed box played in the rumba yambu. Also known as cajas.
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- Claves
- Two round pieces of wood which are struck one against the other. Check out the clave patterns page.
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- Congas (tumbadora)
- Drums of African origin first used by religious groups, but now very common to Latin music. The smallest of the congas is called the "quinto", the middle one is called "conga", "seguidor" or "tres golpes" and the largest is is called "tumbadora" or "salidor". The congas are played by the conguero.
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- Cowbell
- ... Check out the bell patterns page.
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- Drumset
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- Gua-gua
- A mounted piece of bamboo with resonant hollow sound on which the palito pattern is played. Check out the palito patterns page.
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- Guiro
- A notched gourd played with a short stick of a metal pick, the guiro is used to provide rhythm in many Latin American musical styles.
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- Hoe blade
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- Maracas
- A pair of rattles filled with dried seeds or pebbles, used to provide rhythmic counterpoint.
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- Marimbula
- African thumb piano. A large version of the kalimba.
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- Nada drum
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An hourglass shaped drum.
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- Palito
- Little stick and rhythmic pattern played along with the clave in rumbas. Check out the palito patterns page.
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- Quinto
- High pitched conga drum, used primarily as a solo instrument in rumba guaguanco.
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- Shekere
- Hollowed-out gourds with beads loosely wrapped around them.
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- Timbale
- Timbales are the Cuban adaptation of the larger timpani. The timbales set-up includes a mambo bell (a long, wide, low pitched bell) and a cha-cha bell (a small, high pitched bell). The timbales player is called a timbalero.
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- Tumbadora
- The tumbadora is the largest of the conga drums, usually playing the tumbao.
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